Matching with long diversity of conditions under which sugarcane is grown in the world, there is wide spectrum of pests and diseases which have come to acquire a place of priority for control on regional or interregional basis due to the agroclimatic management conditions associated with the area. Progress 010100 to 123100 outputs the objective of this research was to develop an integrated pest management program for sugarcane insect pests. Major insect pests of sugarcane in the us can be divided into two groups, the stemborers lepidoptera. Lepidopteran stemborers are amongst the most important insect pests of maize, sorghum and sugarcane in subsaharan africa. Sugarcane support programs environment, land and water.
The sugarcane aphid rapidly displayed its ability to spread and put at risk greater than 90% of the sorghumproducing areas of north america. Aesa based ipm sugarcane 1 aesa based ipm package for sugarcane sugarcane plant description. Some interesting examples of different group of natural enemies are. Distribution of respondents according to their knowledge level sr. Satyagopal korlapati, ias, dg, niphm, and guidance of shri. The ground rat can measure up to 200 mm in length and weigh up to 250 gm. Pdf sugarcane pests and their management researchgate. The sugarcane aphid originally fed only on sugarcane in the us.
In 2014, the aphid expanded its range to 12 states in the united states and over 300 counties, with a generally laterseason occurrence observed in more northern and eastern locations fig. In 20, this insect was found for the first time feeding on sorghum in the us. It may also be kept in mind that sugarcane leaves are used as substrate for the artificial cultivation of edible mushrooms. Setts should be cut from carefully selected mature canes. Statewide integrated pest management program university of california agriculture and. Hemipteran pests directly injure plants as well as vector diseasecausing plant pathogens. Cadet p, berry s, leslie g et al 2006 management of nematodes and a stalk borer by increasing withinfield sugarcane cultivar diversity. Brazil uses sugarcane to produce sugar and ethanol for gasolineethanol blends gasohol, a locally popular transportation fuel. Pest management lbs building, iari campus, new delhi department of agriculture and cooperation ministry of agriculture government of india. Hybrid selection, timely planting and starter fertilizers should be utilized in conjunction with insecticide application to help manage aphid pests.
It would also serve as a reference manual for sugarcane and nonsugarcane entomologists. As insecticide selection pressure increases in an area, the need to alternate insecticide classes also increases. Some examples of overground insect pests in sugarcane. Biological control has always received a prominent position among the pest management tools, facilitated by the unique semiperennial crop habitat and low pesticide usage.
Major insect pests include the mexican rice borer, the sugarcane borer, wireworms, and the sugarcane aphid which is a vector of sugarcane yellow leaf disease. Its young larvae is yellow green in color with two horns. Flooding sugarcane fields in late spring, then again in summer generally kills wireworms, but insecticides containing phorate are also effective. Keeping good records is an essential part of wise decision making and management of a sugarcane production operation. But, cane losses due to individual borers had been. Saccharum officinarum is the main ingredient of the cultivated hybrids. A 100 years of biological control of sugarcane pests in india cabi. The leaves of the plant grow from the nodes of the stem, arranged in two rows on either side of the stem.
On an average, sugarcane suffers about 20% and 19% yield losses for insect pests and diseases, respectively sps, 20. Major insect pests include the mexican rice borer, the sugarcane borer, wireworms, and the sugarcane aphid which is a vector of sugarcane yellow. Stem borer of sugarcane the scientific name of stem borer of sugarcane is chilo infuscatellus snellen with. Top borer of sugarcane the scientific name of top borer of sugarcane is scirpophaga novella fabricius with family pyralidae and belonging to order lepideoptera.
Allen knutson, robert bowling, pat porter, ed bynum, raul villanueva, charles allen and stephen biles. A 100 years of biological control of sugarcane pests in. This document addresses the management of five major insect pests of sugarcane produced in southern florida. To find out more about the the six easy steps approach or who might be able to assist you locally, please contact sugar research australia. Sugarcane requires an average annual rainfall of between 1800 and 2500 mm per year for adequate growth. Rat management in sugarcane sugar research australia. White wooly aphid ceravacuna lanigera is the major insect pest of sugarcane. Sugarcane production in the usa sugarcane is grown commercially in four states in the usa, with over 900,000 acres harvested.
There are many constrain, including the heavy losses, caused by a number of diseases to the sugarcane crop. Identifying the number of pests and benefi cial insects helps the farmers to make appropriate pest management decisions. The perspective of pest management of sugarcane insects involves a multidisciplinary and environmentally sound holistic system that is multitactical, sustainable, and has proactive vision. The georgia pest management handbook gives current information on selection, application, and safe use of pest control chemicals. Biological control of insectpest in sugarcane natural enemies are used such as predators, parasites and pathogenic microorganisms for controlling pest populations or diseases. In commercial sugarcane fields, some pest problems are expected and tolerated. Important natural enemies of sugarcane insect pests.
Pest management of sugarcane insects louisiana state university. The economic threshold levels etl of important pests and diseases are also given in the packages to take appropriate control measures when. This document also lists arthropod species that are minor sugarcane pests. Timely planting can be argued as the most important overall agronomic practice for a successful grain. These groupings are somewhat arbitrary and some species may cause more than one type of damage. The biology and ecology of sugarcane saccharum spp. Growers are encouraged to keep good records of all planting practices as well as pest management practices. The sugarcane aphid sca has recently become one of the most important insect pests of. Outbreaks of the diseases fiji leaf gall, orange rust and smut have cost hundreds of millions of dollars and have impacted the sugarcane plant breeding program and onfarm management. Georgia pest management handbook integrated pest management. Most varieties are hybrids of the 4 cultivated species of sugarcane. Insect pests play an important role in reducing the sugarcane yield.
It is the mission of our member companies to provide customers with safe and effective technologies to protect against adverse effects caused by pests, diseases and weeds. History of the australian sugarcane industry theyre all half crazy duration. Sm prasanna college of horticulture, bagalkot karnataka, india. Successful ratoon management in sugarcane open access. By ziaulhussnain, asia naheed and saadia rizwana shakarganj sugar research institute, jhang, pakistan abstract sugarcane saccharum sp. Pest management of sugarcane insects louisiana state. Most of these are crop specific except root grub and termites, which are polyphagous pests. Other insecticides must be used for other insect pests and potentially for resistance management of the sugarcane borer. Edis is the electronic data information source of uf ifas extension, a collection of information on topics relevant to you.
Dec, 2016 management avoid excessive use of nitrogenous fertilizers nymphal parasitoids. Their list includes borers, termites, leaf hoppers, white grubs. Agronomic management practices for controlling sugarcane. Pests of australian sugarcane sugar research australia. Biocontrol agents brumoides suturalis leptomastix dactyolopii b. With the exception of chilo partellus swinhoe, which was accidentally introduced into africa. Cultural practices like manual weeding, earthingup and. Integrated pest management ipm has two distinctive componentseconomic protection from pest damage and a more favorable environmental outcome than would occur in the absence of ipm. Sugarcane planting r ecommendations for louisiana sugarcane producers the success of a sugarcane farming operation depends on the ability to produce good stands of plant cane and maintain suitable stands for stubble crops.
Management of sugarcane aphid is difficult due to its rapid reproductive rate, our lack of knowledge on the biology and ecology of this emerging pest. Sugarcane pests information vasantdada sugar institute. Integrated pest management is a dynamic process and involves balance among biological, cultural and chemical measures deemed most appropriate to a particular situation after careful. The variety and species of pests in sugarcane crop is astonishing, as mentioned nearly 288 insects from the following orders and families are found in this crop. The most serious insect pests are sugarcane top borer, stem borer, gurdaspur borer, army worm, white ant feeding inside the cane and causes less germination. If rainfall is too low, plants should be grown with irrigation to maximize yield. Knowledge of sugarcane growers regarding integrated pest and. Propagation sugarcane is vegetatively propagated by planting part of a mature cane called setts. Among the insect pests, early shoot borer, root grub, scales, termites and mealy bugs are important pests of sugarcane. These recommendations are based primarily on research results. Insects free fulltext hemipteran pests of sugarcane. This lecture will concentrate on stemborer pest management and will provide examples of different strategies used in a longseason crop ecosystem. Progress 010101 to 123101 outputs the objective of this research was to develop an integrated pest management program for sugarcane insect pests with emphasis on the mexican rice borer mrb, eoreuma loftini, and on the sugarcane borer scb, diatraea saccharalis.
However, in the context of this book, discussion is limited to two of the major species. Sugarcane plantings and production spread during the next century into the other caribbean islands and into mexico, central america, and south america. Ii growth and production of sugarcane willy verheye encyclopedia of life support systems eolss industry varies between production areas. Some sixty species of this insect have been reported. However, the low risk of growing sorghum is often offset by low commodity prices and limited yield potential on dryland or marginal production acres. Sugarcane pests information vasantdada sugar institute vsi. The sugarcane aphid, melanaphis sacchari zehntner, emerged as a new pest of sorghum in texas and louisiana in 20, and has since spread rapidly throughout the southern united states. Pdf sugarcane insect pests find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate.
To meet production goals and maintain profits, growers need to adopt an integrated approach to managing insect and mite pests on sorghum. Please observe these regulations to help stop the movement of pests and diseases of sugarcane. Rubbing of setts with gunny bag pieces dipped in malathion 0. The word sugar is known to have derived from the sanskrit word sharkara. Sugarcane diseases and pests, description, uses, propagation. Severe pest and disease outbreaks in the australian sugarcane industry have caused some heavy losses to productivity. This approach is called integrated pest management, or ipm, and relies on the use of multiple management tactics often used in combination. The list of major that cause economic damage to this crop insects pests of sugarcane are given below, 1. Sugarcane sugarcane best management practice sugarcane biosecurity essentials sugarcane biosecurity zones sugarcane pests and weeds high priority exotic pest threats to the sugarcane industry make sure that you, your staff and your contractors are familiar with these pests and diseases, any of which would have serious consequences should they make it. Planting date while selecting a tolerant hybrid is one of the most effect management practices for controlling sugarcane aphids, it is only the first step. Sugarcane pests and diseases pdf free download epdf.
In the united states, sugarcane is grown commercially in florida, hawaii, louisiana, and texas. Matching with long diversity of conditions under which sugarcane is grown in the world, there is wide spectrum of pests and diseases which have come to acquire a place of priority for control on regional or interregional basis due to the agroclimatic management conditions associated with the. Biological control of insectpest in sugarcane agropedia. Successful ratoon management in sugarcane sm prasanna 1 and ps pattar 2. We reared the mexican rice borer mrb, eoreuma loftini, sugarcane borer, diatraea saccharalis, and different parasite species for laboratory and field tests. As we all know, weeds, pests and diseases have the potential to greatly reduce sugarcane yields. Recommendations are based on information on the manufacturers label and on performance data from research and extension trials at the university of georgia and sister institutions in surrounding states.
Agronomic management practices for controlling sugarcane aphids. Drought is the most important constraint for the sugarcane production, and other key limitations include low temperature, frost, insect pests mainly borers, aphids, thripid and scarabs, diseases. Sugarcane is scientifically known as saccharam officinarum it is believed to be originated from south and southeast asia india is the second largest producer of cane sugar next to brazil sugarcane is infested by 287 species of insect and non insect pests. Sugarcane has a thick, tillering stem which is clearly divided into nodes and internodes. Early shoot borer and white wooly aphids are important insect pests of sugarcane. Biology sugarcane rootstock boer r au37 weevil sugarcane. It is a dark coloured rodent with a coarse, spiny coat, darkbrown to black in colour with grey streaks photo 1. Our member companies enable and encourage the implementation of ipm by developing and promoting appropriate products and services. Biology and management of the sugarcane aphid, zehntner, a. The sugarcane aphid sca has recently become one of the most important insect pests of grain sorghum and forage sorghums in texas and the southern us. Insect pests constitute a major biotic stress in sugarcane in india as they attack the crop from the time of planting until almost harvest, inflicting yield and sugar losses.
Its stalk contains sweet juice from which sugar can be extracted. Biology and management of the sugarcane aphid, zehntner. Integrated pest management can be understood as a systematic ecological approach, wherein biological and synthetic materials and means are used to achieve minimal economic damage to the crops by any natural pest s. Exotic pests and diseases and more commonly endemicestablished pests. Sugarcane, saccharum officinarum, is a perennial grass in the family poaceae grown for its stem cane which is primarily used to produce sucrose. In louisiana individual owners produce cane for the local mills, and farms range from 200 to 2000 ha in size. Sugarcane has been cultivated in australia for over 100 years canegrowers 2004. In india, sugarcane is used to produce sugar, jaggery and alcoholic beverages.
Environmental and social impact assessment esia and pest management plan pmp for the shire valley irrigation project svip. Pyrilla pyrilla is the most destructive foliage sucking pest. Environmental and social impact assessment esia and. Integrated pest management ipm means the careful consideration of all available pest control techniques and subsequent integration of appropriate measures that discourage the development of pest populations and keep pesticides and other interventions to levels that are. Integrated pest management ipm is a globally accepted strategy for promoting sustainable. Both pests and their main parasites have been reared for laboratory and field. Sugarcane pests and diseases this page is intentionally left blank sugarcane pests and diseasesprof. Some other common but less damaging sugarcane plant pests are. It occurs less commonly in the southern cane growing areas. If you see sugarcane with holes in the stem report it to your local department of agriculture and water resources office.
The mention of insecticide trade names is for information only. There are also state regulations on the movement of sugarcane. More than 50 diseases are reported in sugarcane, fungi, bacteria, viruses and nematodes cause the. Ppt sugarcane diseases powerpoint presentation free to. The root grub has assumed the proposition of important pestering insect. Insect pest management aims to decrease insect populations to acceptable levels while maintaining the environmental and economic sustainability of sugarcane production.
Pdf on oct 1, 2012, srikanth j and others published sugarcane pests and their management find, read and cite all the research you need. Several other insecticides are necessary to control other sugarcane insect pests. The order of presentation of species follows that in pests of australian sugarcane 1993. Sugarcane sugarcane is any of six to 37 species of tall tropical perennial true grasses. The six easy steps program, developed by sugar research australia, is a growerfriendly nutrient management program, used to improve nutrient management, the six easy steps pdf, 148kb. Ii growth and production of sugarcane willy verheye. These are transmitted from one plant to another and one field to another field either by original seed set or causal organism already in the soil or spores are carried by blowing wind. Successful ratoon management in sugarcane open access journals.
This lecture on sugarcane integrated pest management is slanted towards sugarcane production and management of insect pests in the united states us fig. To assess the impact of resistant sugarcane varieties on the pest population dynamics of the sugarcane borer, diatraea saccharalis f. These are the main agronomic management practices growers can consider to control sugarcane aphids on sorghum. Ipm strategy for sugarcane mealy bug use resistant varieties like co 439, co 443, co 720, co 730 drain excess water from the field detrash the crop on 150 and 210 days after planting. The paper briefly discussed the main pests of sugarcane in china, and the integrated pest management, including. Sugarcane is an established agricultural field crop with a long history of safe use. Hemiptera represent one of the greatest threats to agricultural production worldwide.
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